2022手把手教你在微信小程序中使用canvas绘制天气折线图（附代码）

Component({
  externalClasses: ['line-class'],
  properties: {
    width: String,
    height: String,
    data: Array,
  },
  observers: {
    width() {
      // 这里监听 width 变化重绘 canvas
      // 动态传入 width 好像只能这样了..
      const query = this.createSelectorQuery();
      query
        .select('#line')
        .fields({ node: true, size: true })
        .exec(res => {
          const canvas = res[0].node;
          const ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');
          const width = res[0].width; // 画布宽度
          const height = res[0].height; // 画布高度

          console.log(`宽度: ${width}, 高度: ${height}`);

          const dpr = wx.getSystemInfoSync().pixelRatio;
          canvas.width = width * dpr;
          canvas.height = height * dpr;
          ctx.scale(dpr, dpr);

          // 开始绘图
          this.drawLine(ctx, width, height, this.data.data);
        });
    },
  },
  methods: {
    drawLine(ctx, width, height, data) {
      const Max = Math.max(...data);
      const Min = Math.min(...data);

      // 把 canvas 的宽度, 高度按一定规则平分
      const startX = width / (data.length * 2), // 起始点的横坐标 X
        baseY = height * 0.9, // 基线纵坐标 Y
        diffX = width / data.length,
        diffY = (height * 0.7) / (Max - Min); // 高度预留 0.2 写温度

      ctx.beginPath();
      ctx.textAlign = 'center';
      ctx.font = '13px Microsoft YaHei';
      ctx.lineWidth = 2;
      ctx.strokeStyle = '#ABDCFF';

      // 画折线图的线
      data.forEach((item, index) => {
        const x = startX + diffX * index,
          y = baseY - (item - Min) * diffY;

        ctx.fillText(`${item}°`, x, y - 10);
        ctx.lineTo(x, y);
      });
      ctx.stroke();

      // 画折线图背景
      ctx.lineTo(startX + (data.length - 1) * diffX, baseY); // 基线终点
      ctx.lineTo(startX, baseY); // 基线起点
      const lingrad = ctx.createLinearGradient(0, 0, 0, height * 0.7);
      lingrad.addColorStop(0, 'rgba(255,255,255,0.9)');
      lingrad.addColorStop(1, 'rgba(171,220,255,0)');
      ctx.fillStyle = lingrad;
      ctx.fill();

      // 画折线图上的小圆点
      ctx.beginPath();
      data.forEach((item, index) => {
        const x = startX + diffX * index,
          y = baseY - (item - Min) * diffY;

        ctx.moveTo(x, y);
        ctx.arc(x, y, 3, 0, 2 * Math.PI);
      });
      ctx.fillStyle = '#0396FF';
      ctx.fill();
    },
  },
});

 // 获取 scroll-view 的总宽度
 wx.createSelectorQuery()
      .select('.hourly')
      .boundingClientRect(rect => {
        this.setData({
          scrollWidth: rect.right - rect.left,
        });
      })
      .exec();

小时概述

    
      {{item}}
    
    

.scroll {
  position: relative;
  height: 150px;
  width: 100%;
}

.hourly {
  display: flex;
  height: 150px;
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
}

.hourly > view {
  min-width: 3.5em;
  text-align: center;
}

.line { // 折线图绝对定位到底部
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 0;
}

class Point {
  constructor(x, y) {
    this.x = x;
    this.y = y;
  }
}

/**
 * 计算当前点的贝塞尔曲线控制点
 * @param {Point} previousPoint: 前一个点
 * @param {Point} currentPoint: 当前点
 * @param {Point} nextPoint1: 下一个点
 * @param {Point} nextPoint2: 下下个点
 * @param {Number} scale: 系数
 */
calcBezierControlPoints(
  previousPoint,
  currentPoint,
  nextPoint1,
  nextPoint2,
  scale = 0.25
) {
  let x = currentPoint.x + scale * (nextPoint1.x - previousPoint.x);
  let y = currentPoint.y + scale * (nextPoint1.y - previousPoint.y);

  const controlPointA = new Point(x, y); // 控制点 A

  x = nextPoint1.x - scale * (nextPoint2.x - currentPoint.x);
  y = nextPoint1.y - scale * (nextPoint2.y - currentPoint.y);

  const controlPointB = new Point(x, y); // 控制点 B

  return { controlPointA, controlPointB };
}

/**
 * 绘制贝塞尔曲线
 * ctx.bezierCurveTo(控制点1, 控制点2, 当前点);
 */
drawBezierLine(ctx, data, options) {
  const { startX, diffX, baseY, diffY, Min } = options;

  ctx.beginPath();
  // 先移动到第一个点
  ctx.moveTo(startX, baseY - (data[0] - Min) * diffY);

  data.forEach((e, i) => {
    let curPoint, prePoint, nextPoint1, nextPoint2, x, y;

    // 当前点
    x = startX + diffX * i;
    y = baseY - (e - Min) * diffY;
    curPoint = new Point(x, y);

    // 前一个点
    x = startX + diffX * (i - 1);
    y = baseY - (data[i - 1] - Min) * diffY;
    prePoint = new Point(x, y);

    // 下一个点
    x = startX + diffX * (i + 1);
    y = baseY - (data[i + 1] - Min) * diffY;
    nextPoint1 = new Point(x, y);

    // 下下个点
    x = startX + diffX * (i + 2);
    y = baseY - (data[i + 2] - Min) * diffY;
    nextPoint2 = new Point(x, y);

    if (i === 0) {
      // 如果是第一个点, 则前一个点用当前点代替
      prePoint = curPoint;
    } else if (i === data.length - 2) {
      // 如果是倒数第二个点, 则下下个点用下一个点代替
      nextPoint2 = nextPoint1;
    } else if (i === data.length - 1) {
      // 最后一个点直接退出
      return;
    }

    const { controlPointA, controlPointB } = this.calcBezierControlPoints(
      prePoint,
      curPoint,
      nextPoint1,
      nextPoint2
    );

    ctx.bezierCurveTo(
      controlPointA.x,
      controlPointA.y,
      controlPointB.x,
      controlPointB.y,
      nextPoint1.x,
      nextPoint1.y
    );
  });

  ctx.stroke();
},